2nd Grade English

235 core topics + 34 prerequisite topics taught as needed · approximately 73 hours of instruction including spaced review

How the course runs

An adaptive diagnostic (up to 40 questions) places the student on the course's knowledge graph - topics already known are credited, and instruction begins exactly at the learning frontier. Every topic is taught with a worked-example lesson and auto-graded practice; a topic is mastered at 75%+ and then maintained through spaced reviews on an expanding schedule. Mixed checks follow every 6 lessons; each unit ends with a 12-item quiz, and course-wide assessments appear at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% mastery. Prerequisite gaps below the course are detected and taught rather than skipped, so completion certifies the whole tower, not just the top.

Core curriculum

Phonics: Letters, Sounds & Short Vowels · 6 topics

Capital and Lowercase Letters [E]	Match every capital letter to its lowercase partner.
Letter Sounds [E]	Say the sound each letter stands for.
Short Vowel Sounds [E]	Hear and write the five short vowel sounds.
Reading Short Words [M]	Sound out and read consonant-vowel-consonant words.
Spelling Short Words [M]	Write the letter for each sound you hear.
Word Families [E]	Read a whole set of words by learning one ending.

High-Frequency Words & Sight Vocabulary · 3 topics

Recognizing High-Frequency Words [E]	Know the most common words on sight, instantly.
High-Frequency Words in Sentences [E]	Use common words correctly inside a real sentence.
Heart Words [E]	Learn the tricky part of words phonics will not crack.

Sentence & Capitalization Basics · 5 topics

What Makes a Sentence [E]	Tell a complete sentence from a group of words.
Naming Part and Telling Part [E]	Split a sentence into who it is about and what happens.
Capital Letters and End Marks [E]	Start every sentence with a capital and end it with a mark.
Choosing the Right End Mark [E]	Use a period, question mark, or exclamation point.
Capitalizing Names [E]	Capitalize names, places, days, months, and the word I.

Phonics: Consonant Blends & Digraphs · 11 topics

Digraphs at the Start of a Word [E]	Read sh, ch, th, wh and ph at the beginning of a word.
Digraphs at the End of a Word [E]	Read sh, ch, th, ck and ng at the end of a word.
Counting Sounds, Not Letters [M]	Count the sounds in a word that contains a digraph.
ph Says /f/ [E]	Read ph as the f sound.
Blends at the Start of a Word [M]	Read two and three consonants blended together at the start of a word.
Blends at the End of a Word [M]	Read blends like -nd, -mp, -st and -nk at the end of a word.
Three-Letter Blends [M]	Read str, spr, scr, thr and spl.
Blend or Digraph? [M]	Tell a blend from a digraph by listening to the sounds.
Reading Blend and Digraph Words [M]	Sound out and read a word containing a blend or a digraph.
Spelling Blends and Digraphs [M]	Write the right letters for a blend or digraph you hear.
-ng and -nk [M]	Hear the difference between the endings in ring and rink.

Phonics: Silent-e & Long Vowels · 8 topics

Long Vowel Sounds [E]	Hear a vowel saying its own name.
One Letter Changes the Word [M]	Add or remove a silent e and read the new word.
Short Vowel or Long Vowel? [M]	Decide from the spelling whether a vowel is short or long.
Reading Silent-e Words [M]	Read a silent-e word accurately, without dropping the e.
Spelling with Silent e [M]	Decide whether a word needs a silent e at the end.
Open Syllables: go, he, my [M]	Read a long vowel that got that way by ending the word.
The Silent e Makes No Sound [M]	Count the sounds in a silent-e word without counting the e.
When Silent e Breaks the Rule [M]	Know the common words where a final e does not make the vowel long.

Phonics: Vowel Teams & Diphthongs · 9 topics

What a Vowel Team Is [M]	Find the letters that team up to spell one vowel sound in a word.
Long a: ai and ay [M]	Read long a spelled with the vowel teams ai and ay.
Long e: ee and ea [M]	Read long e spelled with the vowel teams ee and ea.
Long o: oa and ow [M]	Read long o spelled with the vowel teams oa and ow.
Long i and Long u: igh, ie, ew, ue [M]	Read long i spelled igh or ie, and long u spelled ew or ue.
Which Spelling Goes Where [H]	Choose the right vowel team for a word from the way the word is built.
The Two Sounds of oo [M]	Decide which of its two sounds the vowel team oo is making.
Sounds That Are Neither Long Nor Short [H]	Read the vowel sounds in coin, cloud and saw.
One Team, Two Jobs [H]	Try a team's other sound when the first one does not make a real word.

Phonics: R-Controlled Vowels & Soft C, G · 9 topics

When the r Takes Over the Vowel [M]	Find the vowel that an r has changed, and tell it from an r that only starts a blend.
ar Says /ar/ [M]	Read the /ar/ sound, and know the words where a w changes it.
or Says /or/ [M]	Read the /or/ sound, and know the words where a w changes it.
er, ir, ur: One Sound, Three Spellings [M]	Hear that er, ir and ur all make the same sound.
Choosing Between er, ir, and ur [H]	Pick the right spelling of the /er/ sound for a particular word.
Sorting the Five R-Controlled Spellings [M]	Group ar, or, er, ir and ur by the sound each one makes.
Soft c: When c Says /s/ [M]	Decide whether a c says /k/ or /s/ by looking at the letter after it.
Soft g: When g Says /j/ [M]	Read soft g, and know the common words that break the rule.
The Letter After Decides [H]	Use the following letter to predict what a c or g will say, even in a new word.

Syllable Types & Syllable Division · 9 topics

Counting Syllables by Vowel Sounds [M]	Count the syllables in a written word by counting its vowel sounds.
Closed Syllables: The Vowel Is Short [M]	Recognize a syllable that ends in a consonant and know its vowel is short.
Open Syllables: The Vowel Is Long [M]	Recognize a syllable that ends in a vowel and know that vowel is long.
Open or Closed? Deciding the Vowel Sound [M]	Use the last letter of a syllable to predict whether its vowel is long or short.
The Six Kinds of Syllable [M]	Name which of the six syllable types a chunk of a word is.
Two Consonants in the Middle [M]	Divide a word between two middle consonants and read the closed first syllable.
One Consonant in the Middle: Try Long First [H]	Divide a word with one middle consonant by trying the long vowel first, then flexing.
The -le Ending Takes One Consonant With It [M]	Split off a consonant-le ending and use what is left to set the first vowel.
Reading a Long Word You Have Never Seen [H]	Chunk an unfamiliar multisyllable word and read it one syllable at a time.

Endings, Plurals & Contractions · 9 topics

More Than One: Adding -s [M]	Make a naming word mean more than one by adding -s.
When a Word Hisses: Adding -es [M]	Add -es to words that end in s, x, z, ch, or sh.
Words That End in y [M]	Decide whether a y changes to i by looking at the letter before it.
Words That End in f or fe [M]	Change f to v before the plural ending on the words that take it.
Plurals That Do Not Take an Ending [M]	Use the plural of words that change instead of adding -s.
The -s That Means One, Not Many [H]	Tell a plural -s on a naming word from a verb -s that marks one doer.
Adding -ed and -ing [H]	Apply the doubling, drop-e and y-to-i rules when an ending goes on.
Two Words Made Into One [H]	Match a contraction to the two words it stands for, both ways.
Where the Apostrophe Goes [H]	Place the apostrophe exactly where the missing letters used to be.

Homophones, Homographs & Word Traps · 8 topics

Words That Sound the Same [M]	Recognize two words that share one sound and nothing else.
Choosing the Right Spelling [M]	Use the meaning of a sentence to choose between two spellings.
its and it's, your and you're [M]	Tell a contraction from a possessive using the long-form test.
One Spelling, Two Meanings [H]	Use the sentence to choose between two unrelated meanings of one word.
One Word, Many Meanings [H]	Pick which of a word's several related meanings a sentence is using.
Words That Are Nearly Twins [H]	Separate two words that look almost alike and mean nothing alike.
The Mistake a Spell Checker Misses [H]	Find a word that is spelled correctly and is still the wrong word.
Same Spelling, Different Sound [H]	Decide how a word is pronounced from the job it does in the sentence.

Word Relationships: Synonyms, Antonyms & Categories · 8 topics

Words That Go Together [M]	Spot the word that belongs with a group, and the word that does not.
Naming the Group [M]	Give a group of words the name that covers all of them.
Parts and Wholes [M]	Tell a piece of something from one kind of something.
Words That Mean Almost the Same [M]	Find a word that means nearly the same as another word.
Words That Mean the Opposite [M]	Find the word that means the opposite of another word.
How Two Words Go Together [H]	Name the relationship between a pair of words.
Some Words Are Stronger [M]	Put words with the same meaning in order of how strong they are.
Choosing the Word That Fits [H]	Choose the word whose strength matches what the sentence says.

Context Clues (Grades 2-3) · 8 topics

When the Sentence Just Tells You [M]	Find a word's meaning written into the sentence itself.
A Nearby Word That Means the Same [M]	Use a synonym elsewhere in the passage to unlock a word.
When a Contrast Points the Other Way [M]	Use a contrast word to work out the opposite meaning.
Working Back From Examples [M]	Use a list of examples to work out the category.
When There Is No Clue Word [H]	Work out a meaning from the whole situation.
Naming the Clue [M]	Say which kind of context clue a sentence is using.
Putting Your Guess Back In [H]	Check a guessed meaning by reading the sentence again with it.
Words With More Than One Meaning [M]	Choose the meaning a sentence needs, not the one you thought of first.

Retelling, Sequence & Summary · 7 topics

Who the Story Is About [E]	Name the character a story follows.
First, Next, and Last [M]	Say what happened first, what came in between, and what came last.
Putting the Whole Story in Order [M]	Arrange all the events of a story from beginning to end.
Finding the Problem [M]	Name what goes wrong in a story.
Finding the Solution [M]	Say how a story's problem gets resolved.
Summarizing a Story [H]	Retell a story keeping only what matters.
Knowing What to Leave Out [H]	Spot the detail a summary does not need.

Story Structure: Problem, Plot & Solution · 7 topics

Beginning, Middle, End [M]	Say which part of a story an event belongs to, and what that part is for.
What a Character Wants, and What Is in the Way [M]	Name both halves of a story problem: the want and the thing blocking it.
What Kind of Trouble Is It? [M]	Tell trouble with a person from trouble with the world or with yourself.
The Tries That Do Not Work [M]	Follow the middle of a story as a run of attempts, and say why each fails.
The Moment It Turns [H]	Find the one moment after which a story cannot go back.
How It Ends, and What Is Different [H]	Say how a story settles - fixed, gone around, or accepted - and what changed.
Because of That, Not And Then [H]	Follow a plot as a chain of causes instead of a list of events.

Main Idea & Supporting Details · 7 topics

Topic or Main Idea? [M]	Tell what a text is about from what it says about it.
Finding the Main Idea [M]	Say in one sentence what a whole text is telling you.
Main Ideas That Are Not Written Down [H]	Work out the main idea when no sentence states it.
Details That Back It Up [M]	Find the fact in a text that supports a particular idea.
Choosing the Best Title [M]	Pick a title that names the main idea rather than one detail.
Writing a Summary [H]	Retell a text keeping only what matters.
Telling a Detail from the Main Idea [M]	Spot the sentence that is only a detail.

Text Features & Graphics · 8 topics

What a Heading Promises [M]	Use a title or a heading to say what a part of a page will be about.
Finding the Page You Need [M]	Use a contents page, an index, and headings to find a fact fast.
Bold Words and the Glossary [M]	Notice a word printed in bold and look it up where the book keeps meanings.
The Words Under a Picture [M]	Read a caption for what it adds to the picture and to the text.
Reading a Labeled Diagram [M]	Follow labels and arrows to read a drawing that names its own parts.
Reading a Chart [M]	Read across a row and up a column, and name what the numbers leave out.
Reading a Map and Its Key [M]	Use a key, a compass rose, and a scale to read what a map is showing.
Why the Author Put It There [M]	Say what a text feature does that the sentences alone could not do.

Reading in Science: Life Science (Grades 2-4) · 7 topics

The Main Idea of a Science Text [M]	Find what a science passage is really explaining.
Science Words Defined in Place [M]	Work out a technical word from the sentence that introduces it.
Following a Process in Order [M]	Track the steps of a life cycle or a process.
Cause and Effect in Science [M]	Say why something happens, using the text.
Comparing Two Living Things [M]	Say how two organisms or processes differ, and why.
Finding the Evidence [M]	Point to the sentence that proves a claim.
What the Science Actually Says [H]	Use what the passage taught you to answer a real science question.

Reading in Science: Earth & Space (Grades 2-4) · 8 topics

The Main Idea of an Earth Science Text [M]	Find what an Earth or space passage is really explaining.
Science Words Defined Right There [M]	Work out an Earth or space term from the sentence that introduces it.
Following a Cycle in Order [M]	Track the steps of an Earth or space process in the right order.
Cause and Effect in Earth Science [M]	Say why something on Earth or in space happens, using the text.
Comparing Two Things in Space and on Earth [M]	Say how two places, bodies, or processes differ, and why it matters.
Numbers in a Science Text [M]	Read the measurements in a science passage and reason with them.
Finding the Evidence [M]	Point to the detail that actually proves a claim about Earth or space.
What the Science Actually Says [H]	Use what a passage taught you to answer a real Earth or space question.

Reading in Social Studies: American History (2-4) · 7 topics

The Main Idea of a History Text [M]	Find what a history passage is really about.
Putting Events in Time Order [M]	Work out what happened first, and how much time passed.
History Words in Context [M]	Work out what a historical term means from the text around it.
Causes and Consequences [M]	Explain why something happened, and what it led to.
Evidence in a History Text [M]	Point to the detail that actually proves a claim.
Whose Story Is Being Told [H]	Notice whose point of view a history text takes, and who is missing.
What the History Actually Says [H]	Use what the passage taught you to answer a real history question.

Reading in Social Studies: Geography & Maps · 8 topics

What the Key Tells You [M]	Read a map's key first, so its marks turn into meaning.
Which Way Is That? [M]	Say where one place is in relation to another, using the compass rose.
How Far Is That Really? [M]	Use a map's scale to turn a distance on paper into a distance on the ground.
Finding a Place Exactly [H]	Use grid squares, latitude and longitude to pin down where a place is.
Choosing the Right Map [H]	Match the kind of map to the question you are trying to answer.
The Shape Words [M]	Turn a geography text's shape words into a picture you can reason with.
People and the Land [H]	Explain how land shapes what people do, and how people change the land.
What a Map Cannot Tell You [H]	Name what a map left out, and judge what it can honestly be asked.

Nouns & Verbs · 8 topics

What a Noun Is [E]	Name the words that stand for a person, place, or thing.
Common Nouns and Proper Nouns [M]	Tell a general noun from the name of one particular thing.
What a Verb Is [E]	Name the words that tell what someone does.
Finding the Verb in a Sentence [M]	Pick out the verb inside a whole sentence.
Verbs That Do Not Show Action [M]	Find is, are, was and were doing a verb's job.
One Word, Two Jobs [M]	Decide whether a word is a noun or a verb from the sentence it is in.
Making the Verb Match [M]	Choose a verb form that matches one thing or many things.
Finding Both Parts [M]	Pick out the noun and the verb in the same sentence.

Adjectives, Adverbs & Pronouns · 9 topics

What an Adjective Is [M]	Name the words that tell what a noun is like.
Which Noun the Adjective Describes [M]	Match an adjective to the one noun it is telling you about.
Comparing: -er and -est [M]	Use the right form of an adjective to compare two things or many.
What an Adverb Is [M]	Name the words that tell more about what happened.
How, When, Where, How Often [M]	Say which question an adverb is answering.
Adjective or Adverb? [H]	Choose between a describing word and its -ly form.
What a Pronoun Is [M]	Replace a noun with the pronoun that fits its job.
The Noun a Pronoun Stands For [H]	Track a pronoun back to the noun it replaced.
I or Me, He or Him [H]	Pick the right pronoun form even when another person is named too.

Sentence Types, Fragments & Run-Ons · 7 topics

The Four Kinds of Sentence [M]	Tell a statement, question, command, and exclamation apart.
Spotting a Fragment [M]	Tell when a group of words stops before it is a sentence.
Fixing a Fragment [M]	Add what is missing so a fragment becomes a sentence.
Spotting a Run-On [M]	Notice when two sentences have been jammed into one.
Three Ways to Fix a Run-On [H]	Repair a run-on, and choose the repair that fits the meaning.
Joining Two Sentences [H]	Combine short sentences with the joining word the meaning needs.
Sentence, Fragment, or Run-On? [H]	Sort any group of words into complete, too short, or too long.

Commas, Quotation Marks & Apostrophes · 9 topics

Commas in a List [M]	Separate three or more items in a sentence with commas.
The Comma After an Opener [M]	Close off a word or phrase that comes before the main sentence.
The Comma Before and, but, or, so [H]	Use a comma when a joining word connects two whole sentences.
Commas Around the Person You Are Talking To [H]	Set off the name of the person being spoken to.
Commas in Dates, Places, and Letters [H]	Punctuate a full date, a city and state, and the lines of a letter.
Quotation Marks Around What Someone Says [H]	Punctuate a spoken line and the words that tell who said it.
Apostrophes in Contractions [M]	Put the apostrophe exactly where the missing letters were.
Apostrophes That Show Ownership [H]	Show who owns something with 's or s'.
its, it's, and the Plural That Needs No Apostrophe [H]	Choose between look-alike words that an apostrophe tells apart.

Capitalization & Titles · 9 topics

Naming Words and Names [M]	Tell a word that names one particular thing from a word that names a whole group.
Titles That Go With a Name [M]	Capitalize a title or family word when it is part of somebody's name.
Place Names and Directions [M]	Capitalize the name of a particular place, but not a kind of place or a direction.
Days, Months, and Holidays [M]	Capitalize days, months, and holidays - and leave the seasons alone.
Languages, Peoples, and School Subjects [H]	Capitalize languages, countries, and the people from them, but not school subjects.
Capitals Inside Quotation Marks [H]	Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence, and know when the second half does not get one.
Which Words in a Title Get a Capital [H]	Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in a title.
Quotation Marks or Italics [H]	Choose quotation marks for a piece of a work and italics for a whole work.
Every Capital Rule at Once [H]	Check a whole sentence and name the rule behind each capital letter.

Spelling Patterns & Rules · 9 topics

Doubling at the End of a Short Word [M]	Double a final f, l, s or z after one short vowel.
Spelling /k/ at the End: ck, k or ke [M]	Choose ck, k or ke for the /k/ sound at the end of a word.
The Extra Letter a Short Vowel Asks For [M]	Write tch and dge after a short vowel, ch and ge everywhere else.
Same Sound, Different Place in the Word [M]	Use ai and oi inside a word, and ay, oy and y at the end.
Letters You Cannot Hear [H]	Spell words that keep a letter nobody says.
ie or ei [H]	Choose between ie and ei using the sound and the letter before it.
The /shun/ Ending: -tion, -sion or -cian [H]	Choose between -tion, -sion and -cian at the end of a word.
The Vowel You Cannot Hear [H]	Find an unstressed vowel by saying a related word out loud.
Catching It and Naming the Rule [H]	Find the misspelled word in a sentence and say which rule fixes it.

Writing Strong Sentences · 7 topics

Knowing When You Have a Sentence [M]	Tell a finished sentence from a piece of one.
Saying More Than the Bare Fact [M]	Add detail that answers a question a reader would ask.
Verbs That Do the Work [M]	Choose a verb precise enough to replace a description.
Naming the Thing Exactly [M]	Replace a category word with the actual thing.
Joining Two Sentences [M]	Put two related sentences together without making a run-on.
Choosing the Right Joining Word [M]	Pick the joining word that states the real relationship.
Not Starting Every Sentence the Same Way [H]	Notice a repeated opening and rewrite one to break it.

Narrative Writing · 9 topics

Starting Where the Story Starts [M]	Begin a story inside the moment instead of outside it.
Telling It in an Order a Reader Can Follow [H]	Keep events in order and mark the jumps with real time signposts.
Showing a Feeling Instead of Naming It [H]	Replace a named feeling with something a reader can watch.
The Detail That Earns Its Place [H]	Choose details that do a job instead of filling space.
Dialogue That Does a Job [H]	Keep the lines that change something and cut the ones that do not.
Slowing Down the Part That Matters [H]	Spend sentences in proportion to what a moment is worth.
One Narrator, One Time [H]	Hold a story in the same tense and the same person all the way through.
An Ending That Lands [H]	End by showing what is different now.
The Shape of a Story [H]	Name the job each sentence in a story is doing.

Reading Fluency & Prosody · 8 topics

What the End Mark Tells Your Voice [M]	Read a line the way its end mark says to read it.
Reading in Groups, Not One Word at a Time [M]	Group the words in a line the way they belong before you read it aloud.
Where the Marks Say Pause [M]	Pause where a comma is and stop where an end mark is, and nowhere else.
The Word You Lean On [H]	Choose which word to stress, and know what stressing it tells a listener.
Reading a Character's Voice [H]	Say only the quoted words in the character's voice, the way the tag says.
A Line Is Not a Sentence [H]	Read a poem by its punctuation instead of stopping at every line break.
Catching Yourself and Going Back [H]	Notice when what you read stopped making sense, and find the word to fix.
What Smooth Reading Is Made Of [H]	Name the five parts of fluent reading and tell which one a reader missed.

Grade 2 Reading Workshop · 8 topics

Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How [M]	Answer a question about any text by going back and finding what the text actually says - even when it never says it in so many words.
Order, Steps, and What Made It Happen [M]	Keep events, steps and reasons hooked together in the right order, even when the text mentions them out of order.
What a Character Does About It [M]	Name how a character feels, and then name what the character actually does about it.
The Lesson a Story Teaches [M]	Say the lesson a story, folktale, poem or play is teaching, instead of retelling what happened in it.
The Main Topic, and What Each Part Adds [M]	Say what a whole true text is about, and say what one part of it is doing inside that whole.
Working Out a New Word or Phrase [H]	Use the sentences around an unknown word - or a whole phrase - to work out what it means, instead of stopping.
Why the Author Wrote It [H]	Name the job an author gave a text - to explain, to show how, to tell what really happened, or to talk you into something - and find the reasons an author gives.
Whose Voice Is This? [H]	Say who is telling a text, and see how two people can watch the same thing and describe it two different ways.

Prerequisite material - taught automatically when the diagnostic finds gaps

Phonological & Phonemic Awareness · 7 topics

Hearing Rhymes	Tell when two words end with the same sound.
Counting Syllables	Break a word into its beats.
Hearing the First Sound	Tell which sound a word starts with.
Hearing the Last Sound	Tell which sound a word ends with.
Hearing the Middle Vowel Sound	Find the vowel sound in the middle of a short word.
Blending Sounds into Words	Push separate sounds together to make a word.
Breaking Words into Sounds	Split a word into every separate sound.

Print Concepts & Early Comprehension · 3 topics

How Books and Print Work	Know the parts of a book and which way print goes.
Listening Comprehension	Understand a story that is read out loud to you.
What Happened First, Next, Last	Put the events of a story in the order they happened.

Prefixes & Suffixes · 7 topics

Finding the Base Word	Strip the extra parts off a word to find the word underneath.
What a Prefix Means	Know what the common prefixes do to a word.
Using a Prefix to Read a Word	Work out what a prefixed word means without being told.
What a Suffix Means	Know what the common suffixes add to a word.
Using a Suffix to Read a Word	Work out what a word with a suffix means.
Building Words from Parts	Put a prefix, base word, and suffix together into one word.
Spelling Changes When You Add an Ending	Apply the three rules for adding a suffix to a base word.

Figurative Language & Idioms · 2 topics

Noticing When Words Are Not Literal	Tell when a sentence is not meant exactly as written.
Working Out What It Really Means	Say in plain words what a figure of speech is telling you.

Story Basics: Character, Setting & Events · 2 topics

Who the Story Is About	Name the characters in a story and say what one of them is like.
How a Character Feels	Name a feeling a story shows through what a character does.

Theme, Lesson & Central Message · 3 topics

Topic or Theme?	Tell the subject of a story apart from what the story says about it.
What a Character Learns	Find the theme by watching what a character understands at the end that they did not understand at the start.
The Moral a Story States	Read a stated moral or saying and check what the story actually backs up.

Point of View, Narrator & Perspective · 1 topics

Who Is Telling This

Find the teller of a text before deciding what the text means.

Nonfiction Basics: Topic & Key Details · 6 topics

What the Whole Text Is About	Say in a few words what a whole true text is about.
Key Details You Can Point To	Find a fact the text really states, and point to where it says so.
Questions a Text Can Answer	Tell which questions a text answers and which ones it never touches.
New Words in a True Text	Work out what a new word means from the sentences around it.
Two Facts That Go Together	Say how one fact in a text leads to another.
Which Fact Matters Most	Choose the facts worth telling back and leave the rest out.

Author's Purpose & Point of View · 1 topics

Why the Author Wrote It

Name what a text was built to do, not just what it is about.

Paragraphs & Topic Sentences · 2 topics

The Sentence the Others Are About	Find or choose the sentence a paragraph is built on.
Ending Without Adding	Close a paragraph by landing the point, not opening a new one.

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