Course contents document · Writing & Media Electives · generated 2026-09-22

Film & Visual Rhetoric

40 core topics + 69 prerequisite topics taught as needed · approximately 35 hours of instruction including spaced review

How the course runs

An adaptive diagnostic (up to 40 questions) places the student on the course's knowledge graph - topics already known are credited, and instruction begins exactly at the learning frontier. Every topic is taught with a worked-example lesson and auto-graded practice; a topic is mastered at 75%+ and then maintained through spaced reviews on an expanding schedule. Mixed checks follow every 6 lessons; each unit ends with a 12-item quiz, and course-wide assessments appear at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% mastery. Prerequisite gaps below the course are detected and taught rather than skipped, so completion certifies the whole tower, not just the top.

Core curriculum

The Rhetorical Situation · 8 topics

Exigence: What Made This Necessary [H] Identify the pressure that called a text into being, and separate it from the occasion.
The Audience Under the Audience [H] Tell apart who a text is addressed to, who it is written for, and who is meant to overhear it.
The Speaker Is a Construction [H] Describe the version of a writer that a text builds, and why that version fits the situation.
Stated Purpose and Working Purpose [H] Separate what a text says it is doing from the job it is actually built to do.
What the Writer Was Not Free to Say [H] Find the limits a situation places on a text, and read what those limits shaped.
Kairos: Why Now [H] Judge how a text's timing changes what it can accomplish.
The Shape the Medium Demands [H] Explain how the form a text is delivered in changes what it can and cannot do.
When a Text Changes Situations [H] Track what happens to a text's meaning when it is carried out of the situation it was written for.

Rhetorical Appeals & Strategies · 8 topics

Ethos: The Credit a Text Builds [H] Identify how a text earns, spends or refuses the reader's trust.
Pathos: Feeling Put to Work [H] Explain how a text produces feeling, and what the feeling is being asked to do.
Logos: The Part That Survives Dislike [H] Test the reasoning and evidence in an argument on its own terms.
Which Appeal Is Carrying the Weight [H] Decide which appeal a move depends on when a move is doing more than one thing.
Giving Ground on Purpose [H] Analyze a concession as a trade: what was surrendered, and what it bought.
Word Choice as Strategy [H] Explain what a chosen word does that its plainest alternative would not.
Arrangement, Repetition and the Short Sentence [H] Show how sentence shape and order do persuasive work that the words alone do not.
Would This Move Land on This Reader [H] Judge a strategy against the audience it was aimed at, including what it risks.

Media Literacy & Source Credibility · 8 topics

Who Made This, and What Were They Rewarded For [H] Judge a source by its expertise, its incentives and what it discloses - without treating an interest as a verdict.
Checking a Source by Leaving It [H] Verify a claim from outside the page that makes it, using independent records rather than the page's own account of itself.
Following a Claim Back to Its Origin [H] Trace a reported finding through each retelling to the document it started in, and name what changed on the way.
The Frame Around the Facts [H] Analyze how headline, emphasis, order and image shape a reader's conclusion without any sentence being false.
Numbers That Are True and Misleading [H] Interrogate a statistic for its denominator, its base rate, its measurement and how its sample was drawn.
Does the Evidence Reach the Conclusion [H] Test whether the evidence offered actually supports the claim made, and name what would count against it.
Why This Reached You [H] Explain how ranking, sharing and timing decide what you see, and why a feed cannot measure how common a view is.
Is the Evidence What It Claims to Be [H] Test whether an image, clip or recording is genuine and correctly placed - and say so when the answer is that you cannot tell.

Diction, Tone & Connotation · 8 topics

Same Fact, Different Verdict [H] Choose the word that carries the verdict you want without changing the claim you are making.
How Strong Is Too Strong [H] Pick the rung of a word ladder the evidence actually supports.
Where the Judgment Is Hiding [H] Find the word that is arguing inside a sentence of facts, and take it out without losing anything.
Softening It and Sharpening It [H] Tell a euphemism from a plain statement, and a strong true sentence from one that overclaims.
The Level of the Diction [H] Match the level of your words to the occasion, and tell inflated diction from necessary technical language.
Naming a Tone Precisely [H] Name a writer's attitude with the word the evidence supports, not the nearest feeling.
Where the Tone Turns [H] Locate the sentence where a writer's attitude changes, with or without a signal word.
What the Word Choices Add Up To [H] Read a writer's position out of an accumulation of choices he never states as an opinion.

Film & Visual Rhetoric · 8 topics

What the Frame Left Out [H] Read an image for the decision at its edges - what was excluded, and what the exclusion does to a viewer.
Everything Inside the Frame [H] Say what the arrangement inside a shot - light, staging, color, selection - is doing to the viewer's reading of it.
The Argument in the Join [H] Name the claim a cut makes by placing one shot next to another, and test whether the material supports it.
Speed, Duration, and the Unbroken Take [H] Work out what a shot's length or speed is asserting, and which questions duration can and cannot settle.
The Track You Are Not Listening To [H] Separate sound the characters can hear from sound only the audience can, and say what each one is telling the viewer to do.
Whose Account You Are Standing Inside [H] Identify whose knowledge and whose interests an image places a viewer inside, and how that placement was built.
What an Image Can Prove [H] State precisely what a photograph or a recording establishes, and where its authority stops.
What the Display Was Built to Answer [H] Read a chart, poster or graphic as a made argument, without treating every design decision as a trick.

Prerequisite material - taught automatically when the diagnostic finds gaps

High-Frequency Words & Sight Vocabulary · 2 topics
Recognizing High-Frequency Words Know the most common words on sight, instantly.
High-Frequency Words in Sentences Use common words correctly inside a real sentence.
Print Concepts & Early Comprehension · 2 topics
Listening Comprehension Understand a story that is read out loud to you.
What Happened First, Next, Last Put the events of a story in the order they happened.
Sentence & Capitalization Basics · 2 topics
What Makes a Sentence Tell a complete sentence from a group of words.
Naming Part and Telling Part Split a sentence into who it is about and what happens.
Context Clues (Grades 2-3) · 8 topics
When the Sentence Just Tells You Find a word's meaning written into the sentence itself.
A Nearby Word That Means the Same Use a synonym elsewhere in the passage to unlock a word.
When a Contrast Points the Other Way Use a contrast word to work out the opposite meaning.
Working Back From Examples Use a list of examples to work out the category.
When There Is No Clue Word Work out a meaning from the whole situation.
Naming the Clue Say which kind of context clue a sentence is using.
Putting Your Guess Back In Check a guessed meaning by reading the sentence again with it.
Words With More Than One Meaning Choose the meaning a sentence needs, not the one you thought of first.
Context Clues & Word Nuance (Grades 4-6) · 3 topics
When the Clue Is Somewhere Else Find the meaning of a word when the clue sits in a different sentence.
Shades of Meaning Choose the word whose size matches what actually happened.
Words That Carry a Feeling Hear the approval or disapproval hidden inside a word choice.
Figurative Language & Idioms · 2 topics
Noticing When Words Are Not Literal Tell when a sentence is not meant exactly as written.
Working Out What It Really Means Say in plain words what a figure of speech is telling you.
Retelling, Sequence & Summary · 7 topics
Who the Story Is About Name the character a story follows.
First, Next, and Last Say what happened first, what came in between, and what came last.
Putting the Whole Story in Order Arrange all the events of a story from beginning to end.
Finding the Problem Name what goes wrong in a story.
Finding the Solution Say how a story's problem gets resolved.
Summarizing a Story Retell a story keeping only what matters.
Knowing What to Leave Out Spot the detail a summary does not need.
Main Idea & Supporting Details · 6 topics
Topic or Main Idea? Tell what a text is about from what it says about it.
Finding the Main Idea Say in one sentence what a whole text is telling you.
Main Ideas That Are Not Written Down Work out the main idea when no sentence states it.
Details That Back It Up Find the fact in a text that supports a particular idea.
Writing a Summary Retell a text keeping only what matters.
Telling a Detail from the Main Idea Spot the sentence that is only a detail.
Author's Purpose & Point of View · 7 topics
Why the Author Wrote It Name what a text was built to do, not just what it is about.
The Evidence for a Purpose Point to the move in the text that proves what the writer wanted.
Who It Was Written For Work out the reader a text was aimed at, and how you can tell.
The Author's Point of View Say what the writer thinks about the subject, even when no opinion is stated.
Words That Take a Side Notice how a writer's wording steers what a reader concludes.
Facts, Judgments, and Honest Uncertainty Sort what can be checked from what is argued, and spot a writer naming their own limits.
Two Writers, One Subject Compare two texts on one subject and find the exact point where they part.
Inference, Evidence & Summarizing · 5 topics
Stated or Implied? Tell what a text says outright from what it only lets you conclude.
What One Detail Tells You Draw the conclusion a single detail supports, and stop there.
The Line That Proves It Given a claim, find the sentence in the text that actually supports it.
An Objective Summary Say what a text argued, in its own terms, without taking a side.
Which Evidence Is Strongest Choose between two relevant details by asking which one settles it.
Integrating Multiple Sources · 6 topics
What Your Sources Are Really About State the one question a set of sources is answering, precisely enough to compare them.
Where Sources Agree Find the ground two sources share before you look at where they split.
Where Sources Disagree Locate the exact sentence where two sources stop agreeing.
A Fact Fight or a Meaning Fight Tell whether two sources disagree about what happened or about what it means.
What Each Source Chose to Include Notice what one source puts first, and what another leaves out entirely.
Choosing the Source That Can Answer It Match a question to the source that is actually able to answer it.
Reading in Social Studies: American History (2-4) · 3 topics
The Main Idea of a History Text Find what a history passage is really about.
Evidence in a History Text Point to the detail that actually proves a claim.
Whose Story Is Being Told Notice whose point of view a history text takes, and who is missing.
Reading in Social Studies: American History (5-6) · 3 topics
Reading a Source Like a Historian Ask who made a source, when, and what they wanted it to do.
Claims and the Evidence Under Them Separate what a history text asserts from what it shows.
When Sources Disagree Compare accounts of the same event instead of trusting one.
Sentence Types, Fragments & Run-Ons · 1 topics
Spotting a Fragment Tell when a group of words stops before it is a sentence.
Writing Strong Sentences · 2 topics
Knowing When You Have a Sentence Tell a finished sentence from a piece of one.
Saying More Than the Bare Fact Add detail that answers a question a reader would ask.
Paragraphs & Topic Sentences · 2 topics
The Sentence the Others Are About Find or choose the sentence a paragraph is built on.
Details That Actually Support Choose detail that backs the claim you made.
Opinion & Argument Writing · 5 topics
A Claim or a Fact? Tell a position someone could argue with from a fact they could check.
The Reason Under a Claim Find the sentence that says why a position holds.
Evidence That Actually Proves It Tell measured evidence from a stronger way of repeating an opinion.
Claims You Cannot Defend Recognize a claim pushed past what any evidence could support.
Answering the Other Side Answer the strongest objection instead of talking past it.
Grade 8 Reading & Language · 3 topics
The One Thing It Is All Serving State the idea a whole text is built to serve when it is never printed, and write a summary that carries the point instead of the best detail.
The Line You Would Put Your Finger On Pick the one detail that settles a particular claim, and say why the other true details do not reach it.
How Far the Evidence Actually Reaches Separate a claim from its reasons and evidence, judge whether the evidence reaches as far as the claim goes, and spot a piece that does not belong at all.

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